| 1 | Human Wet Specimens | Human anatomical tissue obtained through lawful donation and consent procedures | Fixation with formalin or another approved preservative; may be stored in sealed containers | Organs, tissue sections, vessels, nerves, or complete anatomical regions | Gross anatomy, pathology demonstration, surgical orientation, and dissection training | Requires controlled storage, ventilation, spill procedures, and trained handling | Potential biological and chemical exposure; institutional safety controls are required |
| 2 | Human Osteological Specimens | Human skeletal elements obtained from documented and legally authorized sources | Cleaning, degreasing, drying, and sometimes protective coating or mounting | Individual bones, complete skeletons, skulls, vertebrae, and joints | Skeletal anatomy, anthropology, radiographic correlation, and orthopedic education | Keep dry, protected from impact, excessive humidity, and direct sunlight | Generally low biological risk when properly processed; legal documentation remains essential |
| 3 | Human Plastinated Specimens | Human tissues prepared under documented donation and ethical sourcing requirements | Dehydration, defatting, vacuum impregnation, and polymer curing | Organs, body sections, vascular structures, muscles, and regional dissections | Repeated classroom demonstration, three-dimensional anatomy, and surgical training | Usually stored at room temperature in a clean, dry environment; avoid high heat and UV exposure | Low biological risk after complete processing, subject to supplier documentation and local rules |
| 4 | Human Articulated Skeletons | Processed human bones assembled with wires, connectors, or flexible joint systems | Dry preparation followed by anatomical articulation and mounting | Complete skeletal framework with major joints and anatomical landmarks | Human osteology, posture, biomechanics, and clinical anatomy instruction | Use stable stands or wall mounts; inspect joints and connectors periodically | Low biological risk after processing; handling should respect applicable human-remains regulations |
| 5 | Animal Wet Specimens | Animal organs or tissues obtained from regulated veterinary, research, or educational sources | Fixation and immersion in an approved preservative solution | Comparative organs, reproductive systems, cardiovascular structures, and pathology examples | Veterinary medicine, comparative anatomy, zoology, and laboratory training | Requires sealed containers, suitable ventilation, labeling, and chemical-safety procedures | Possible biological exposure before fixation and chemical exposure during storage |
| 6 | Animal Osteological Specimens | Bones or skeletons from domestic, laboratory, agricultural, or zoological species | Cleaning, degreasing, drying, and optional articulation or labeling | Skulls, limb bones, vertebral columns, teeth, and complete animal skeletons | Veterinary anatomy, comparative morphology, zoology, and forensic studies | Store in a dry, pest-free environment and protect delicate bones from impact | Low risk after proper processing; source traceability and wildlife restrictions may apply |
| 7 | Animal Plastinated Specimens | Animal organs, sections, or body regions prepared from ethically and legally sourced material | Dehydration, defatting, polymer impregnation, and curing | Species-specific organs, musculature, vessels, and anatomical sections | Comparative anatomy, veterinary surgery, zoology, and long-term display | Normally requires only dry indoor storage with protection from heat, dust, and strong light | Low biological risk after complete polymer processing |
| 8 | Synthetic Anatomical Models | Medical-grade polymers, elastomers, silicone, resin, or composite materials | Molding, casting, machining, coloring, and assembly to reproduce anatomical form | Bones, organs, joints, vessels, airways, and regional anatomy | Basic anatomy, patient education, procedural demonstration, and repeated practice | Easy to store; clean with manufacturer-approved methods and avoid incompatible solvents | No inherent biological risk when manufactured from non-biological materials |
| 9 | 3D-Printed Anatomical Models | Digital imaging data converted into polymer, resin, nylon, or other printable materials | Layer-by-layer additive manufacturing, followed by cleaning and finishing | Patient-specific bones, tumors, vessels, organs, and surgical pathways | Preoperative planning, surgical simulation, anatomy teaching, and research visualization | Store in a dry environment; dimensional accuracy depends on the imaging data and printing process | Generally non-biological; sterilization suitability must be confirmed before clinical use |
| 10 | Histological and Microscopic Specimens | Human or animal tissue sections prepared from lawfully obtained research or diagnostic material | Fixation, processing, embedding, microtome sectioning, staining, and slide mounting | Cellular structures, tissue layers, glands, vessels, and disease-related changes | Histology, pathology, biomedical research, and laboratory technician training | Keep slides clean, dry, labeled, and protected from scratching or prolonged heat | Risk depends on fixation status, source material, and the chemicals used during preparation |
